Human Wrongs Watch
- US$ 34 billion in construction, manufacturing, mining and utilities
- US$ 9 billion in agriculture, including forestry and fishing
- US$ 8 billion saved by private households by not paying or underpaying domestic workers held in forced labour.
Bolstering social protection floors to prevent poor households from abusive lending or indenture in the event of sudden income shocks;The report highlights income shocks and poverty as the main economic factors that push individuals into forced labour.
Lack of Education, Illiteracy, Gender and Migration
Other factors contributing to risk and vulnerability include lack of education, illiteracy, gender and migration.
“While progress is being made in reducing state-imposed forced labour, we must now focus on the socio-economic factors that make people vulnerable to forced labour in the private sector,” said Beate Andrees, head of the ILO’s Special Action Programme to Combat Forced Labour. Andrees called for a series of measures aimed at reducing vulnerability to forced labour including:
- Investing in education and skills training to fortify job opportunities for vulnerable workers;
- Promoting a rights-based approach to migration to prevent irregular employment and abuse of migrant workers; and
- Supporting the organization of workers, including in sectors and industries vulnerable to forced labour.
“If we want to make a significant change in the lives of the 21 million men, women and children in forced labour, we need to take concrete and immediate action,” the ILO Director-General said.
“That means working with governments to strengthen law, policy and enforcement, with employers to strengthen their due diligence against forced labour, including in their supply chains, and with trade unions to represent and empower those at risk.”
*Source: ILO release.
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